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Typological Database of the Volga Area Finno-Ugric Languages (VolgaTyp)

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Parameters Udmurt Komi-Permyak Meadow Mari
PossSuffGenSuff GenSuff (PossSuff) PossSuffGenSuff & GenSuff
PossSuffPx & NoAff NoAff & PossSuffPx PossSuffPx & PossSuff
PossClass NoPossClass NoPossClass
PossAff(NonPossAff) PossAff~NonAff PossAff~NonAff
GenPossAff~NonAff: GenPossAff~NonAff GenPossAff~NonAff
15NCases 17NCases 12NCases
CaseNAff CaseNAff CaseNAff
SyncNonCoreCase SyncCoreCase NoSyncCase
NoNNCaseAgr & NNCaseAgr NoNNCaseAgr & NNCaseAgr NoNXCaseAgr
Com=Instr ComNotInstr MixComInstr
Aff1PlAsc Aff1PlAsc SpAffPlAsc
NoNonpossN NoNonpossN SpAffPlAsc
WCxPx & WPxCx WPxCx & WCxPx WPxCx & WCxPx
NoGns NoGns NoGns
NoOblPxN NoOblPxN NoOblPxN
SAPossPVtype SAPossPVtype & Else SAPossPVtype
ConcLin ConcLin ConcLin
NoGns NoGns NoGns
NoGns NoGns NoGns
NomSuffAn NumSuffAn NumSuffAn
JuxtaN&DM & ConnN&DM & Monomorf&DM & MorfRepet&DM JuxtaN&DM & ConnN&DM ConnN&DM & JuxtaN&DM & Monomorf&DM
NoAdjCase & CaseAdjAff NoAdjCase NoAdjCase
NoAdjCase & AdjSyncCase NoAdjCase NoAdjCase
AdjPredNonV AdjPredNonV AdjPredNonV
AdjNoNSuff / AdjNoN=Adj AdjNoNSuff / AdjNoN=Adj AdjNoN=Adj
AdjNotNMorph & Adj=Nmorph AdjNotNMorph AdjNotNMorph
AdjNotVMorph AdjNotVMorph AdjNotVMorph
ExtRel & AdjnRel ExtRel & IntRel ExtRel & IntRel
PredAdjNumAgr & NoPredAdjAgr PredAdjNumAgr NoAdjAgr
NoAgr & AdjNumAgr & AdjNumAdjCaseAgr NoAdjAgr / AdjNumAgr NoAdjAgr
AttrDiff AttrDiff AttrDiff
RelPro & CorrelPro & RcnonS RelPro & CorrelPro & RCnonS RelPro & RCnonS & CorrelPro
RelPro & CorrelPro & RcnonO RelPro & CorrelPro & RCnonO RelPro & RcnonO
RelPro & RCnonObl RelPro / CorrelPro RelPro & RCnonObl & RCObl
InitRzerPro & RzerSuff (& RzerPro ) InitRzerPro & RzerSuff InitRzerPro & RzerSuff
StAdj & StAdjM / AdjMSt AdjMSt & StAdjM StAdjM & StAdj
Abl & Else & +NoCompMk & +CompMkAff Else +CompMkAff & PartComp +CompMkAff / Abl +CompMkAff Abl +CompMkAff & Abl +NoCompMk
NoDN Suf(DN)(V) NoDN / Dupl(DN)(N)
Oth~FthThth FTthThth & FSThth OthTthThth
OptClsfrNonspec NoClsfr OptClsfrNonspec
AdNumNoCase & AdNum=Ncase & PronNum=NCase AdNumNoCase + PronNum=NCase AdNumNoCase & PronNum=NCase
Pl1InclNotExcl Pl1=Pl1 Pl1=Pl1 & (Pl1=Sg1)
9PronCases 17PronCases 4PronCases
PPNoSyncCase PP=NCase PPNoSyncCase
PPDrop PPDrop PPDrop
PPNotAgr PPNotAgr PPNotAgr
NoPPMedNum NoPPMedNum NoPPMedNum
SyntPP SyntPP SyntPP
DemAff DemAff NoDemCase
PPAff PPAff PPAff
PossSuff & PrsPOblPossSuff PossSuff & PrsPObl & PrsPOblPossSuff PrsPObl & PrsPOblPossSuff & PossSuff
PP=Dem +Dem~PPDist PP=Dem PP=Dem
2DC 2DC 2DC
AdnDem=DeclPronDem AdnDem=DeclPronDem AdnDem=DeclPronDem
IP~Q IP~Q IP~Q
DbleNeg & SmplNeg DbleNeg / SmplNeg DbleNeg
9DempronCases 17DempronCases 9DempronCases
Refl=Intens Refl=Intens Refl=Intens
AdpPP(PM) & AdpPPnonPM: AdpPP(PM) & AdpPPnonPM AdpPP(PM) & AdpPPNonPM
Adp=NNonGov & Adp=NGov Adp=NNonGov / Adp=NGov Adp=NNonGov & Adp=NGov
NoArt NoArtCase NoArt
NoArt Art=Aff NoArt
NoArt NoArtCase NoArt
NoArt NoIndefArt NoArt
NoDefArt DefArt=Aff NoArt
NoArt ArtWithDem NoArt
VinfCase & VInf=NomCase VInf=NomCase & VInfCase VInf=NomCase & VInfCase
NoVCase NoVCase NoVCase
NoP NoP NoP
(A)–T/M–Subj & (A)–T/M~Subj M/T~Subj & M/T–Subj (GV)–(T/M)–Subj & (GV)–(T~Subj)/(M~Subj) & (GV)–(T~A)–Subj
SyncSP SyncSP NoSyncSP
CpW=6 CpW=5 CpW=6
VsupplT & VsupplElse VSupplT & VSupplElse VSupplT & VSupplElse
APM APM APM
Pl1=Pl1 Pl1=Pl1 Pl1=Pl1
ZeroIntr ZeroIntr ZeroIntr
VMkA & DepMkO & NoVOMk VMkA & DepMkO
SuffT & PerifT SuffT / PerifT & SyntT SuffT & PerifT
NoDepTense NoDepTense NoDepTense
FutOptInfl FutOblInfl & FutOblPfr NoFut / FutOptPfr
Pst Pst Pst
NoPfm NoPfm Pfm
Evid Evid Evid
EvidParad & EvidPart EvidParad & EvidPart EvidParad
SitNecPartEp No data SitNecPartEp & SitNec~Ep
SitPsblNonEp No data SitPsblNonEp
ConjCat=7 ConjCat=7 ConjCat=7
SitNecV & SitNecAff SitNecV SitNecAff & SitNecV
NoOptInfl NoOptInfl NoOptInfl
ImpSpecSgSpecPl ImpSpecSgSpecPl ImpSpecSgSpecPl
CopNoInflVInfl & CopInfl=Vinfl CopInfl=VInfl / CopNoInflVInfl CopInfl=VInfl
NCopDep NCopDep NCopDep
AdvCopDep AdvCopDep AdvCopDep
AdjCopDep AdjCopDep AdjCopDep
SuffCC SuffCC SuffCC
IntPfrCC IntPfrCC RarePfrCC & IntPfrCC
MorfNonpfrCC MorfNonpfrCC MorfNonpfrCC
DitrCeeP DitrCeeP DitrCeeP
IntrCeeAccP IntrCeeAccP IntrCeeAccP
TrCeeP TrCeeP TrCeeObl
RepdVBlcd & RepdVDrkd RepdVBlcd & RepdVDrkd RepdVBlcd & RepdVDrkd
AuxNotVInfl & AuxVInfl AuxVInfl & AuxNotVInfl AuxVInfl & AuxNotVInfl
PPGenOblPoss(Aff) & PPGenPoss(Aff) PPGenOblPoss(Aff) & PP(Gen)OblPossAff PPGenOblPoss(Aff)
Proh=ImpNegSpec Proh=ImpNegSpec / Proh=ImpNegNonspec ProhNonImpNegSpec
PM PM PM
NoPatM NoPatM NoPatM
NPPnonobl & Aux NPPonly NPPnonobl + Aux
NoRecM NoRecM NoRecM
NPPnonobl +Agr NPPnonobl + Agr NPPnonobl + Agr
PNPonly PNPonly PNPonly
NoAMark & Neutr Neutr & NoAMark NoAMark
PAff & Neutr Neutr & PAff PAff
IntrpassAkt & NoAgIntrpassSub & NoAgIntrpassNonSub & IntrpassPass NoAgIntrpassNonSub NoIntrPass
RAff RAff RAff
NoSMark & Neutr Neutr & NoSMark NoSMark
NoAMark & Neutr NoAMark & Neutr NoAMark
PAff PAff PAff
RAff RAff RAff:
APmk=Case APmk=Case APmk=Case
NoAppl NoAppl NoAppl
PassAn & PassSynt PassSynt & PassAn PassSynt
AntipassAgrA +AntipassImpl / AntipassAgrA +AntipassObq AntipassImpl +AntipassAgrA NoAntipass
PredPossGen +SpecPssd PredPossGen (+SpecPssd) PredPossGen +SpecPssd
PsrPrdKopPossHab & +NonPx PsrPrdKopPossHab +Px PsrPrdKopPossHab +NonPx
VolV: & VtmNonF: & VtumExpl: & VtumImpl: & VolAff: & VtmV: VolV + VtmNonF + VtumImpl & VolPcl + VtmV + VtumExpl & VolPcl + VtmNonF + VtumImpl VolAff + VtmV + VtumExpl & VolV + VtmNonF + VtumExpl & VolV + VtmNonF + VtumImpl
RcprNonRefl RcprNonRefl RcprNonRefl
Asym & Sym Asym / Sym Asym
AsymFinCop & AsymCatNonPdg AsymFinCop AsymFinCop
NegAux & NegPtclStc & NegAffV NegAux / NegPtclStc NegAux & NegPtclStc
Q & PhonInt Q & PhonInt Q & PhonInt
(InitCpl) +Q & (FinalCpl) +Q & Else (InitCpl) & Q & Else (InitCpl) & FinalCpl & Q & Else
FinalCpl & InitCpl Cq & (InitCpl) Cq & (FinalCpl )
SubMain & MainSub SubMain & MainSub SubMain & MainSub
PurpV (+PurpWV2 ) (+PurpWV1 ) PurpV (+ PurpWV1) (+ PurpWV2) PurpV (+ PurpWV1 ) (+ PurpWV2 )
PurpVDrkDiffSbj / PurpVDrk PurpVDrkDiffSbj PurpVDrkDiffSbj
NoWhenMark & WhenV & WhenWV2 (+WhenWV1) NoWhenMark & WhenV & WhenWV2 (+WhenWV1) NoWhenMark / WhenWV1 / WhenAff
WhenVDrkDiffT & WhenVBalDiffT WhenVBal & WhenVBalDiffT WhenVDrkDiffT & WhenVBalDiffT
CauseV (+CauseWV2 ) & CauseWV2 CauseV & CauseWV2 (+CauseWV1) CauseWV2 (+ CauseV )
CauseVBal & CauseVDrk CauseVBal & CauseVDrk +DrkSameSbj CauseVBal & CauseVDrk
NoRepdMark & RepdWV1 NoRepDMark & RepdWV2 NoRepDMark + RepdWV2
PP=Dem PP=Dem PP=Dem
PT–R +NoVAgr PT-R + NoVAgr PT–R + NoVAgr
PP=Dem PP=Dem PP=Dem
PT–R +NoVAgr PT–R + NoVAgr PT–R + NoVAgr
PT–R & NoVAgr PT–R + NoVAgr PT–R + NoVAgr
PT–R & NoVAgr PT–R + NoVAgr PT–R + NoVAgr
PerifA & SyntA SyntA & SuffA PerifA & SyntA
Nom Nom Nom
Nom Nom Nom
Nom Nom Nom
ShareNomLoc + Cmnt ShareNomLoc + Cmnt ShareNomLoc
NomConj=Vconj & Juxta & NomConjNotVConj NomConj=VConj & NomConjNotVConj & Juxta NomConj=VConj & Juxta & NomConjNotVConj
SV SV SV
SOV & SVO SVO SOV
SVO & SOV SVO SOV
SV SV  SV
SOV SVO SOV
UV UV UV
GenPoss GenPoss GenPoss
RT+rT+tR+tr RT+rT+tR+tr RT
ClsfrN & NClfsr NoClsfr  ClsfrN
Po Po  Po
QuantN QuantN QuantN
1Fut 2Fut NoFut / 1Fut
NPl NPI NPl
OblPq=Pq OblPq=Pq OblPq=Pq
OblCq=Cq OblCq=Cq OblCq=Cq
CopPred & PredCop CopPred & PredCop PredCop
NoIndefArt NoIndefArt NoIndefArt
NoDefArt NDef NoDefArt
InitAdvSb & FinalAdvSb / InternAdvSb (+InitAdvSb ) (+FinalAdvSb ) & FinalAdvSb +InitAdvSb InitAdvSb / FinalAdvSb / InternAdvSb InitAdvSb / FinalAdvSb / InternAdvSb
SuffAdvSb: & FinalAdvSb: SuffAdvSb & FinalAdvSb SuffAdvSb & FinalAdvSb / FinalAdvSb + SuffAdvSb
DegAdj DegAdj DegAdj
PPV PPV PPV
XOV & XVO & VXO & VOX VO~X XOV
NoXDWO NoXDWO NoXDWO
OmnrV & MnrVO MnrVO & VMnrO OMnrV
PCV & VPC PCV & VPC PCV
CmpzSC & SCCmpz & SC~Cmpz CmpzSC CmpzSC & SCCmpz & SC~Cmpz
NumN NumN NumN
NumClsfr NumN NumN
OrdN OrdN OrdN
DemN DemN DemN
NRel & RelN RelN & NRel NRel & RelN
StAdj & StAdjM StAdjM / AdjMSt StAdj & StAdjM
AdjN AdjN AdjN
FocQ FocQ FocQ
SOV & SVO & VSO & VOS & OVS SVO SOV
InitIP InitIP / InS InS
VAux & AuxV AuxV VAux & AuxV
NegV & VNeg NegV NegV / VNeg
VNec & NecV & SuffNec NecV / VNec VNec & SuffNec
PsblV & VPsbl PsblV & VPsbl VPsbl (& SuffPsbl )
EpsV & EpsElse EpsV & EpsElse EpsMod & EpsElse / EpsV
NoPatPM: NoPatPM NoPatPM
NoSMark & Neutr NoSMark NoSMark
AdpPNonPM & AdpPPM: AdpPNonPM / AdpPPM AdpPNonPM / AdpP(PM)
AdpNNonPM / AdpN(PM) AdpNNonPM / AdpN(PM) AdpNNonPM & AdpN(PM)
Case exponence ExpMono & ExpPoss ExpMono & ExpPoss ExpMono
Person marking on case affixes NoCxPM: NoCxPM NoCxPM
Reduplication Error TtlRdp & PrtRdpCpl TtlRdp
Grammatical number Pl Pl Pl
Occurrence of nominal plurality OblPlMK OblPlmk OblPlmk
Case-marking asymmetry Error CasesystSym CasesystDegr
Politeness distinction in pronouns TwoPolit TwoPolit TwoPolit
Situational possibility SitPsblV SitPsblV SitPsblV
Word order of possessive pronouns NoPoss(NB) NoPoss(NB) NoPoss(NB)