Typological Database of the Volga-Kama Finno-Ugric Languages

(Udmurt)

InitRzerPro & RzerSuff (& RzerPro)

InitRzerPro: Relative clauses are marked by the use of an obligatory clause-initial relative pronoun.

RzerSuff: Relative clauses are marked by the use of a relativizing suffix that attaches directly or indirectly to the root of the verb stem.

RzerPro: Relative clauses are marked by the use of a relative pronoun; the word order of relative pronouns within the relative clause is not obligatorily clause-initial or clause-final.

so-iz	ik	vrać,	kud-iz	vetl-i-z	komanďir
that‑DET	PCL	doctor	which‑DET	go‑PST‑3SG	commander
dory,	emja-z	mon-e	no.
‑to	cure‑PST.3SG	I‑ACC	too
’I was cured by the (same) doctor who saw the commander as well.’ (Vakhrushev et al. 1974: 43)

(2)	pinal-ez,	ta	kyšnomurt	kud-ze	uram-yś	adʒ́-i-z
	child‑ACC	this	woman	which‑ACC.DET	street‑ELA	see‑PST‑3SG
	’the child (acc) who this woman saw in the street’ (Dékány–Tánczos 2016)

noš	amerika-yn	övöl	korennoj	kalyk-josty
but	America‑INE	be.NEG.PRS	indigenous	people‑PL‑ACC
uť-iś	kat-jos.
protect‑PTCP.IPF	law‑PL
’But in America there are no laws protecting indigenous peoples.’ (Marajko 17.09.2014)

Udmurt relative clauses can be real subordinate clauses containing a finite verb (1), (2), or participial constructions (3). Finite relative clauses include a relative pronoun typically surfacing in a clause-initial position (1). Less frequently it can appear in a different position clause-internally (2).

Author: Erika Asztalos

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