Case-marking asymmetry (Komi-Permyak)
CasesystSym
CasesystSym: Case marking is symmetrical; the number of cases is consistent across nominal types.
| Case | Noun | Personal pronoun |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | kerku ‘house’ | sija ‘(s)he’ |
| Genitive | kerku-lön | sy-lön |
| Ablative | kerku-liś | sy-liś |
| Dative | kerku-lö | sy-lö |
| Accusative | kerku-ös | sij-ö |
| Instrumental | kerku-ön | sy-ön |
| Comitative | kerku-köt | sy-köt |
| Abessive | kerku-tög | sy-tög |
| Preclusive | kerku-śa | syś-śa |
| Consecutive | kerku-la | sy-la |
| Inessive | kerku-yn | sy-yn |
| Illative | kerku-ö | (sy-ö) |
| Elative | kerku-iś | sy-iś |
| Approximative | kerku-lań | sy-lań |
| Delative | kerku-śań | sy-śań |
| Prolative | kerku-öt | (sy-öt) |
| Terminative 1 | kerku-öʒ́ | (sy-öʒ́) |
| Terminative 2 | kerku-vi | (sy-vi) |
Based on Ponomareva (2010)
In Komi-Permyak case marking is symmetrical: the number of case forms for nouns equals that of personal pronouns. However, the illative, prolative, and terminative use of personal pronouns is rare (cf. Lytkin 1962: 233–235, Ponomareva 2010: 123).
Author: Nikolett F. Gulyás