(Komi-Permyak)
Nom
Nom: Two categories are distinguished from a morphosyntactic perspective: 1. [Sa, Snona, Aa and Anona]; 2. [P]. This type is known as nominative or nominative–accusative.
| (1) | öndi | kotraś-ö. |
|---|
| Andrey | run‑prs.3sg |
| ’Andrey runs.’ (L. P.) | |
| (2) | öndi | ju-ö | va. |
|---|
| Andrey | drink‑prs.3sg | water |
| ’Andrey drinks water.’ (L. P.) | | |
| (3) | öndi | viʒ́ćiś-ö | maša-ös. |
|---|
| Andrey | wait‑prs.3sg | Masha‑acc |
| ’Andrey is waiting for Masha.’ (L. P.) | | |
| (4) | öndi | viʒ́ćiś-ö | ńebög-sö. |
|---|
| Andrey | wait‑prs.3sg | book‑acc.3sg |
| ’Andrey is waiting for his book.’ (L. P.) | | |
| (5) | öndi | viʒ́ćiś-ö | tenö. |
|---|
| Andrey | wait‑prs.3sg | you.acc |
| ’Andrey is waiting for you.’ (L. P.) | | |
| (6) | myj | öndi | viʒ́ćiś-ö? |
|---|
| what | Andrey | wait‑prs.3sg |
| ’What is Andrey waiting for?’ (L. P.) | | |
In Komi-Permyak, the nominal S arguments of intransitive verbs (1) and the nominal A arguments of transitive verbs (2)–(6) have nominative case, whereas pronominal P arguments are always accusative (5). Komi-Permyak has Differential Object Marking (DOM, cf. Klumpp 2012). Inanimate objects are usually unmarked (2), while animate ones (3) tend to be marked. Inanimate definite objects (4), however, have a special possessive marked accusative form (Bartens 2000: 92–93, 331–335, Ponomareva 2010: 91–95). P arguments that are personal pronouns (5) and animate non-personal pronouns are always in accusative case, but inanimate non-personal pronouns with the P function are unmarked (6).
Author: Nikolett F. Gulyás
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