(Komi-Permyak)

WhenVBal & WhenVBalDiffT

WhenVBal: The verb of a when-clause obligatorily appears in base form.

WhenVBalDiffT: The verb of a when-clause can appear in either base form or a special form, depending on its temporal relationship to the verb of the main clause.

(1)peťalokt-i-sgort-ö,mekutć-ilöśöt-ny
Petyacome‑pst‑3sghome‑illIstart‑pst.1sgprepare‑inf
śojan.
food
’AfterPetya came home, I started cooking.’ (L. P.)

(2)lizamiśśöt-i-sbekörpań(sek),kör
Lisawash‑pst‑3sgdishthenwhen
ćeľaď-ysvod-i-söuź-ny.
gyerekek‑3sggo‑pst‑3plsleep‑inf
’Lisa washed the dishes when the children went to sleep.’ (L. P.)

(3)tatönpukav-tönunabait-i-m.
heresit‑cvbmuchtalk‑pst‑1pl
’Sitting here we talked a lot.’ (L. P.)

(4)kaťa,gort-ölokt-ikkež-atlöśötśojan!
Katya,home‑illcome‑cvbafter‑ine.2sgprepare.imp.2sgfood
‘Katya, after coming home, make some food! (L. P.)

(5)perem-ynuǯav-töʒ́-ʒ́amvelötć-iiževsk-yn.
Perm‑inework‑cvb‑1sgstudy‑pst.1sgIzhevsk‑ine
’Before working in Perm I studied in Izhevsk.’ (L. P.)

In Komi-Permyak, temporal subordination can be expressed by a mere juxtaposition of clauses (1), a subordinate clause with two finite verbs in the sentence (2), and various subordinate non-finite clauses (3)–(5) (cf. Bartens 2000: 232–265, Lobanova 2018: 25–26). While simultaneity and anteriority can be expressed by constructions with finite verbs, posteriority (5) requires non-finite structures.

Author: Nikolett F. Gulyás


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